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The proposed model suggests multiple origins of adult V-SVZ neural stem cells. Radial glia in the lateral ganglionic eminence (LGE) give rise to adult canonical V-SVZ NSCs (B1/GFAP+ cells) derived from embryonic/neonatal stages, and to adult V-SVZ NSCs (KiR7.1+/tdTomato+ and KiR7.1+/tdTomato- B0 cells) derived from embryonic (E12.5) quiescent progenitors. Upon stimulation, KiR7.1+/tdTomato+ B0 cells sequentially transition to B1, NBs, and finally to diverse interneuron types like canonical B1/GFAP+ cells. Figure created using NIH BioArt.

Minichiello group discovers a novel stem cell population in the subventricular zone

A new study by the Minichiello group, published in Cell Discovery, has identified a previously unappreciated population of deeply quiescent neural stem cells in the largest germinal zone in the adult mammalian brain, lining the walls of the lateral ventricles, so-called the ventricular-subventricular zone (V-SVZ).

Confocal image showing two different subpopulations of the anterodorsal thalamic nuclei which have different axonal projection patterns. Cells labelled in cyan are positive for Calretinin and send decedeing axons that project to the deep layers of medial entorhinal cortex, whereas cells labeled in magenta project laterally to the thalamic reticular nucelus.

New study reveals specialised subpopulations of head direction cells in the mouse thalamus

Researchers from the Viney Group in the Department of Pharmacology, along with collaborators from The Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, US, have identified distinct subpopulations of head direction (HD) cells in the mouse thalamus, revealing that the brain's internal compass is composed of specialised neurons that differ in their sensorimotor responses, molecular identity, and connectivity.

MRSA can cause serious skin infections that require immediate antibiotic treatment.

Lanyon-Hogg group publishes new approach to antibiotic resistance

A new paper, published in Cell Chemical Biology, highlights a new protein in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) that could be a potential new target for antibiotic drug discovery. The research, carried out in the Lanyon-Hogg group in Pharmacology, in collaboration with the Ineos Oxford Institute for antimicrobial research, shows that molecules targeting this protein, called SpsB, can slow the rate at which MRSA develops resistance to antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin.

This figure illustrates the multiscale platform used for the discovery and validation of PAK1 kinase activators. The approach begins with PAK1-activating peptide as a guide to identify potential binding sites for virtual screening of small-molecule activators. Hits are then validated using mass spectrometry-based assays to confirm PAK1 activation, and further characterised through biophysical and structural studies to elucidate the mechanism of action. Finally, the therapeutic potential of the PAK1 activators is evaluated in both in vitro and in vivo models of cardiac hypertrophy.

Oxford-led study reveals new way to activate protein kinases, opening new therapeutic possibilities

Researchers at the University of Oxford have developed a new strategy to activate protein kinases — a major class of enzymes that regulate essential cellular processes — offering a potential pathway to treat diseases where current therapies remain limited.

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